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CodeVID-M12-WS
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — Practice Worksheet
Name: ____________________
Roll No.: __________
Date: ____________
General Instructions
- All questions are compulsory.
- Choose the correct option (A, B, C or D) for each question.
- The answer key is at the end — try the paper first!
Section A — Multiple Choice (1 mark each)
15 × 1 = 15 marks
1.
Biotechnology is the use of ____ to make useful products.
- A.Living organisms or their parts
- B.Only metals
- C.Only rocks
- D.Only water
2.
An old example of biotechnology is making:
- A.Curd with microbes
- B.Steel
- C.Plastic
- D.Glass
3.
Changing the genes of an organism is called:
- A.Genetic engineering
- B.Digestion
- C.Respiration
- D.Osmosis
4.
DNA made by joining DNA from two sources is:
- A.Recombinant DNA
- B.Junk DNA
- C.Codon
- D.RNA
5.
An organism with a foreign gene is called a:
- A.GMO (transgenic)
- B.Fossil
- C.Vector
- D.Plasmid
6.
Restriction enzymes act as:
- A.Molecular scissors that cut DNA
- B.Molecular glue
- C.Vectors
- D.Host cells
7.
The enzyme that joins two pieces of DNA is:
- A.DNA ligase
- B.Restriction enzyme
- C.Amylase
- D.Pepsin
8.
A common vector used to carry genes is a:
- A.Plasmid
- B.Ribosome
- C.Codon
- D.Mitochondrion
9.
A plasmid is a small ____ piece of bacterial DNA.
- A.Circular
- B.Square
- C.Triangular
- D.Straight rigid
10.
A commonly used host cell in genetic engineering is:
- A.E. coli
- B.A virus particle
- C.A red blood cell
- D.A neuron
11.
The same restriction enzyme is used on the gene and the vector so that their:
- A.Cut ends match and can be joined
- B.Colours match
- C.Sizes are equal
- D.Charges cancel
12.
Making many identical copies of a gene is:
- A.Cloning
- B.Mutation
- C.Digestion
- D.Excretion
13.
Large-scale growth of cells to make a product happens in a:
- A.Bioreactor
- B.Refrigerator
- C.Microscope
- D.Test tube only
14.
Extracting and purifying the final product is called:
- A.Downstream processing
- B.Transcription
- C.Pollination
- D.Digestion
15.
PCR is a technique used to:
- A.Make many copies of a DNA segment
- B.Digest food
- C.Fix nitrogen
- D.Make curd
Section B — Challenge / Olympiad (2 marks each)
6 × 2 = 12 marks
16.
Producing human insulin in bacteria is valuable because the bacteria can:
- A.Make large amounts of exactly human insulin cheaply
- B.Make animal insulin only
- C.Make no insulin
- D.Cure all diseases
17.
Using the SAME restriction enzyme on both the gene and the plasmid is essential because it creates:
- A.Matching (complementary) ends that ligase can join
- B.Different sizes
- C.Two host cells
- D.More enzymes
18.
A marker gene on a plasmid is useful because it helps scientists:
- A.Identify host cells that took up the recombinant DNA
- B.Cut the DNA
- C.Make biogas
- D.Digest food
19.
Cloning the host cell in a bioreactor matters because each daughter cell:
- A.Carries a copy of the gene and makes more product
- B.Loses the gene
- C.Becomes a plant
- D.Stops dividing
20.
PCR is especially useful in diagnosing an infection early because it can detect a pathogen from:
- A.Even a tiny amount of its DNA by amplifying it
- B.Its colour only
- C.Its smell
- D.Nothing at all
21.
DNA ligase is aptly called molecular glue because, unlike restriction enzymes, it:
- A.Joins DNA fragments rather than cutting them
- B.Cuts DNA
- C.Copies RNA
- D.Makes proteins
Answer Key
Section A — Multiple Choice (1 mark each)
- (A) Living organisms or their parts
- (A) Curd with microbes
- (A) Genetic engineering
- (A) Recombinant DNA
- (A) GMO (transgenic)
- (A) Molecular scissors that cut DNA
- (A) DNA ligase
- (A) Plasmid
- (A) Circular
- (A) E. coli
- (A) Cut ends match and can be joined
- (A) Cloning
- (A) Bioreactor
- (A) Downstream processing
- (A) Make many copies of a DNA segment
Section B — Challenge / Olympiad (2 marks each)
- (A) Make large amounts of exactly human insulin cheaply
- (A) Matching (complementary) ends that ligase can join
- (A) Identify host cells that took up the recombinant DNA
- (A) Carries a copy of the gene and makes more product
- (A) Even a tiny amount of its DNA by amplifying it
- (A) Joins DNA fragments rather than cutting them
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