Vidaara.orgClass 12 · Mathematics
CodeVID-M12-WS
Evolution — Practice Worksheet
Name: ____________________
Roll No.: __________
Date: ____________
General Instructions
- All questions are compulsory.
- Choose the correct option (A, B, C or D) for each question.
- The answer key is at the end — try the paper first!
Section A — Multiple Choice (1 mark each)
17 × 1 = 17 marks
1.
Evolution is the gradual change in organisms over:
- A.A few days
- B.Very long periods of time
- C.One generation
- D.A single year
2.
The idea that life arose from non-living chemicals is called:
- A.Chemical evolution
- B.Special creation
- C.Natural selection
- D.Mutation
3.
The Miller–Urey experiment produced:
- A.Complete cells
- B.Simple organic molecules like amino acids
- C.Fossils
- D.DNA fingerprints
4.
Preserved remains of ancient organisms in rocks are:
- A.Fossils
- B.Genes
- C.Codons
- D.Hormones
5.
Organs with the same structure but different functions are:
- A.Analogous
- B.Homologous
- C.Vestigial
- D.Identical
6.
The wings of a bird and an insect (different structure, same function) are:
- A.Homologous
- B.Analogous
- C.Fossils
- D.Vestigial
7.
The theory of natural selection was proposed by:
- A.Lamarck
- B.Charles Darwin
- C.Mendel
- D.Pasteur
8.
Darwin's book on evolution is:
- A.On the Origin of Species
- B.The Selfish Gene
- C.Principia
- D.Silent Spring
9.
'Survival of the fittest' means individuals that survive and reproduce are those with:
- A.No variation
- B.Favourable variations
- C.The largest size only
- D.The most offspring only
10.
Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired characters is now:
- A.Accepted fully
- B.Rejected
- C.Proven
- D.Untested
11.
The main source of new variation for evolution is:
- A.Mutation
- B.Digestion
- C.Excretion
- D.Respiration
12.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria arise because resistant individuals:
- A.Survive and multiply
- B.All die
- C.Stop reproducing
- D.Lose their DNA
13.
Humans and modern apes:
- A.Share a common ancestor
- B.Are unrelated
- C.Are the same species
- D.Never evolved
14.
The early human called the 'handy man' (a tool maker) is:
- A.Homo habilis
- B.Homo sapiens
- C.Australopithecus
- D.Dryopithecus
15.
Modern humans belong to the species:
- A.Homo erectus
- B.Homo sapiens
- C.Homo habilis
- D.Ramapithecus
16.
Evolution, in the modern synthetic theory, is best defined as a change in:
- A.Allele (gene) frequencies in a population
- B.Soil colour
- C.Day length
- D.Body temperature
17.
Movement of alleles between populations as individuals migrate is:
- A.Gene flow
- B.Mutation
- C.Fossilisation
- D.Translation
Section B — Challenge / Olympiad (2 marks each)
7 × 2 = 14 marks
18.
Homologous organs point to common ancestry, while analogous organs point to:
- A.Convergent evolution toward a similar function
- B.Common ancestry
- C.No evolution
- D.Identical genes
19.
Overuse of antibiotics speeds up the spread of resistant bacteria because antibiotics act as a:
- A.Selection pressure favouring resistant individuals
- B.Source of food
- C.Mutation maker on demand
- D.Cause of extinction of all bacteria
20.
Lamarck's giraffe explanation fails because the longer neck gained by stretching during life is:
- A.Not passed on to offspring
- B.Always inherited
- C.A mutation
- D.Caused by selection
21.
The near-identical structure of forelimb bones in humans, whales and bats is best explained by:
- A.Descent from a common ancestor
- B.Pure chance
- C.Identical diets
- D.Living in the same place
22.
Bipedalism (walking upright) was important in human evolution mainly because it:
- A.Freed the hands for making and using tools
- B.Reduced brain size
- C.Removed the need for food
- D.Stopped variation
23.
Random change in the gene frequencies of a small population, independent of fitness, is called:
- A.Genetic drift
- B.Natural selection
- C.Mutation
- D.Transcription
24.
If the allele frequencies in a population are found to be changing over generations, it indicates that:
- A.Evolution is occurring (an evolutionary force is acting)
- B.The population is at equilibrium
- C.No genes exist
- D.Mating has stopped
Answer Key
Section A — Multiple Choice (1 mark each)
- (B) Very long periods of time
- (A) Chemical evolution
- (B) Simple organic molecules like amino acids
- (A) Fossils
- (B) Homologous
- (B) Analogous
- (B) Charles Darwin
- (A) On the Origin of Species
- (B) Favourable variations
- (B) Rejected
- (A) Mutation
- (A) Survive and multiply
- (A) Share a common ancestor
- (A) Homo habilis
- (B) Homo sapiens
- (A) Allele (gene) frequencies in a population
- (A) Gene flow
Section B — Challenge / Olympiad (2 marks each)
- (A) Convergent evolution toward a similar function
- (A) Selection pressure favouring resistant individuals
- (A) Not passed on to offspring
- (A) Descent from a common ancestor
- (A) Freed the hands for making and using tools
- (A) Genetic drift
- (A) Evolution is occurring (an evolutionary force is acting)
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