Online Test — Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
15 Questions • 15 min • Chapter MCQ
15:00
Question 1 of 15
Biotechnology is the use of ____ to make useful products.
Living organisms or their parts
Only metals
Only rocks
Only water
Explanation: Biotechnology uses living organisms or their parts.
Question 2 of 15
An old example of biotechnology is making:
Curd with microbes
Steel
Plastic
Glass
Explanation: Using microbes to make curd is a traditional biotechnology.
Question 3 of 15
Changing the genes of an organism is called:
Genetic engineering
Digestion
Respiration
Osmosis
Explanation: Genetic engineering alters an organism's genes.
Question 4 of 15
DNA made by joining DNA from two sources is:
Recombinant DNA
Junk DNA
Codon
RNA
Explanation: Recombinant DNA combines DNA from two sources.
Question 5 of 15
An organism with a foreign gene is called a:
GMO (transgenic)
Fossil
Vector
Plasmid
Explanation: Such an organism is genetically modified (transgenic).
Question 6 of 15
Restriction enzymes act as:
Molecular scissors that cut DNA
Molecular glue
Vectors
Host cells
Explanation: Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sites.
Question 7 of 15
The enzyme that joins two pieces of DNA is:
DNA ligase
Restriction enzyme
Amylase
Pepsin
Explanation: DNA ligase glues DNA pieces together.
Question 8 of 15
A common vector used to carry genes is a:
Plasmid
Ribosome
Codon
Mitochondrion
Explanation: Plasmids are commonly used as vectors.
Question 9 of 15
A plasmid is a small ____ piece of bacterial DNA.
Circular
Square
Triangular
Straight rigid
Explanation: Plasmids are small circular DNA molecules in bacteria.
Question 10 of 15
A commonly used host cell in genetic engineering is:
E. coli
A virus particle
A red blood cell
A neuron
Explanation: The bacterium E. coli is a common host cell.
Question 11 of 15
The same restriction enzyme is used on the gene and the vector so that their:
Cut ends match and can be joined
Colours match
Sizes are equal
Charges cancel
Explanation: Matching cut ends allow the gene to be ligated into the vector.
Question 12 of 15
Making many identical copies of a gene is:
Cloning
Mutation
Digestion
Excretion
Explanation: Cloning produces identical copies.
Question 13 of 15
Large-scale growth of cells to make a product happens in a:
Bioreactor
Refrigerator
Microscope
Test tube only
Explanation: Bioreactors grow cells on a large scale.
Question 14 of 15
Extracting and purifying the final product is called:
Downstream processing
Transcription
Pollination
Digestion
Explanation: Downstream processing recovers and purifies the product.
Question 15 of 15
PCR is a technique used to:
Make many copies of a DNA segment
Digest food
Fix nitrogen
Make curd
Explanation: PCR amplifies a specific DNA segment millions of times.