Vidaara.orgClass 12 · Mathematics
CodeVID-M12-WS
Indian Economy (1950–1990) — Practice Worksheet
Name: ____________________
Roll No.: __________
Date: ____________
General Instructions
- All questions are compulsory.
- Choose the correct option (A, B, C or D) for each question.
- The answer key is at the end — try the paper first!
Section A — Multiple Choice (1 mark each)
15 × 1 = 15 marks
1.
After independence, India became a:
- A.Pure capitalist economy
- B.Mixed economy
- C.Pure socialist economy
- D.Closed economy
2.
The Planning Commission was set up in:
- A.1947
- B.1950
- C.1956
- D.1991
3.
In 2015 the Planning Commission was replaced by:
- A.NITI Aayog
- B.RBI
- C.WTO
- D.SEBI
4.
Which is NOT a goal of Indian planning?
- A.Growth
- B.Self-reliance
- C.Equity
- D.Colonial trade
5.
The First Five-Year Plan (1951–56) focused on:
- A.Agriculture
- B.Heavy industry
- C.Services
- D.Defence
6.
The Second Five-Year Plan (1956–61) focused on:
- A.Agriculture
- B.Heavy industry (Mahalanobis model)
- C.Tourism
- D.Exports
7.
Ending the zamindar class so the tiller could own land is:
- A.Abolition of intermediaries
- B.Land ceiling
- C.Consolidation
- D.Green Revolution
8.
Fixing a maximum amount of land a person can own is the:
- A.Land ceiling
- B.Tenancy reform
- C.Consolidation
- D.Tariff
9.
The Green Revolution used:
- A.High-yielding variety (HYV) seeds
- B.Old seeds only
- C.No fertiliser
- D.No irrigation
10.
The Green Revolution mainly raised the output of:
- A.Wheat and rice
- B.Steel
- C.Oil
- D.Cars
11.
The Green Revolution made India self-sufficient in:
- A.Food grains
- B.Machinery
- C.Oil
- D.Gold
12.
The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 gave the lead to the:
- A.Public sector
- B.Private sector
- C.Foreign firms
- D.Zamindars
13.
Producing goods at home instead of importing them is:
- A.Import substitution
- B.Globalisation
- C.Privatisation
- D.Liberalisation
14.
The system requiring a government permit to start or expand industry was the:
- A.Licence raj
- B.Green Revolution
- C.Land ceiling
- D.Buffer stock
15.
A major drawback of protecting industry from competition was:
- A.Inefficiency and poor-quality, high-cost goods
- B.Too much competition
- C.Falling prices
- D.No industry at all
Section B — Challenge / Olympiad (2 marks each)
10 × 2 = 20 marks
16.
The Second Plan's focus on heavy industry reflected the belief that building basic industries (steel, machines) would:
- A.Lay the foundation for long-term, self-reliant growth
- B.Reduce food output
- C.End all planning
- D.Increase imports forever
17.
The Green Revolution is praised for food self-sufficiency but criticised because its gains were:
- A.Concentrated in a few regions and among larger farmers
- B.Shared equally everywhere
- C.Zero
- D.Only for industry
18.
Why did the government build a buffer stock of food grains after the Green Revolution?
- A.For food security and to stabilise prices
- B.To export all the grain
- C.To raise the death rate
- D.To stop farming
19.
Import substitution made many Indian industries inefficient mainly because protection removed the pressure of:
- A.Foreign competition
- B.Taxes
- C.Planning
- D.Land reforms
20.
Land-ceiling laws often failed in practice because they were:
- A.Poorly implemented, with many loopholes
- B.Never passed
- C.Too strict to write
- D.Opposed by the landless
21.
The public sector was given the lead in heavy industry partly because private firms:
- A.Lacked the huge capital needed for basic industries
- B.Were banned
- C.Refused to make profit
- D.Already owned all industry
22.
The slow growth of this era (about 3.5% a year) is sometimes nicknamed the:
- A.Hindu rate of growth
- B.Green Revolution
- C.Demographic dividend
- D.Drain of wealth
23.
Abolition of intermediaries succeeded more than other land reforms because it:
- A.Directly removed the exploitative zamindar layer
- B.Needed no law
- C.Helped only zamindars
- D.Was about industry
24.
The combination of public-sector leadership, import substitution and licensing is described as an ____ growth strategy.
- A.Inward-looking
- B.Export-led
- C.Free-market
- D.Colonial
25.
By 1990, the problems of inefficiency, red tape and slow growth, plus a crisis, set the stage for the:
- A.Economic reforms of 1991
- B.First Five-Year Plan
- C.Green Revolution
- D.End of planning entirely
Answer Key
Section A — Multiple Choice (1 mark each)
- (B) Mixed economy
- (B) 1950
- (A) NITI Aayog
- (D) Colonial trade
- (A) Agriculture
- (B) Heavy industry (Mahalanobis model)
- (A) Abolition of intermediaries
- (A) Land ceiling
- (A) High-yielding variety (HYV) seeds
- (A) Wheat and rice
- (A) Food grains
- (A) Public sector
- (A) Import substitution
- (A) Licence raj
- (A) Inefficiency and poor-quality, high-cost goods
Section B — Challenge / Olympiad (2 marks each)
- (A) Lay the foundation for long-term, self-reliant growth
- (A) Concentrated in a few regions and among larger farmers
- (A) For food security and to stabilise prices
- (A) Foreign competition
- (A) Poorly implemented, with many loopholes
- (A) Lacked the huge capital needed for basic industries
- (A) Hindu rate of growth
- (A) Directly removed the exploitative zamindar layer
- (A) Inward-looking
- (A) Economic reforms of 1991
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