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Excretion and Nervous System — Practice Worksheet
Chapter: Excretion and Nervous System
Topic: Excretion and Nervous System
Maximum Marks: 50
Time: 30 minutes
Name: ____________________ Roll No.: __________ Date: ____________

General Instructions

  • All questions are compulsory.
  • Choose the correct option (A, B, C or D) for each question.
  • The answer key is at the end — try the paper first!
Section A — Multiple Choice (1 mark each) 50 × 1 = 50 marks
1.
The removal of harmful metabolic wastes from the body is called:
  • A.Nutrition
  • B.Excretion
  • C.Respiration
  • D.Digestion
2.
Plants release waste gases and excess water mainly through tiny pores called:
  • A.Villi
  • B.Stomata
  • C.Nephrons
  • D.Alveoli
3.
Which of these is a way plants remove stored wastes?
  • A.Sweating
  • B.Leaf fall and bark shedding
  • C.Urinating
  • D.Breathing through gills
4.
The milky fluid stored by some plants, used to make rubber, is:
  • A.Resin
  • B.Gum
  • C.Latex
  • D.Tannin
5.
Compared with animals, plants excrete in ways that are generally:
  • A.More complex
  • B.Simpler and slower
  • C.Faster and forced
  • D.Identical
6.
The main nitrogen-containing waste removed in human urine is:
  • A.Glucose
  • B.Urea
  • C.Oxygen
  • D.Protein
7.
The bean-shaped organs that filter the blood are the:
  • A.Lungs
  • B.Kidneys
  • C.Liver lobes
  • D.Bladders
8.
Urine is carried from the kidneys to the bladder by the:
  • A.Urethra
  • B.Ureters
  • C.Trachea
  • D.Veins
9.
The organ that stores urine until it is released is the:
  • A.Kidney
  • B.Ureter
  • C.Urinary bladder
  • D.Urethra
10.
The functional (filtering) unit of the kidney is the:
  • A.Alveolus
  • B.Nephron
  • C.Neuron
  • D.Villus
11.
Urine is formed in the nephron in how many main stages?
  • A.One
  • B.Two
  • C.Three
  • D.Five
12.
During filtration, which of these stays behind in the blood?
  • A.Water
  • B.Glucose
  • C.Proteins
  • D.Salts
13.
The stage in which useful substances like glucose are taken back into the blood is:
  • A.Filtration
  • B.Reabsorption
  • C.Secretion
  • D.Excretion
14.
The main waste substance dissolved in urine is:
  • A.Glucose
  • B.Urea
  • C.Protein
  • D.Starch
15.
The presence of glucose in urine may indicate the disease:
  • A.Common cold
  • B.Diabetes
  • C.Malaria
  • D.Anaemia
16.
The skin excretes wastes in the form of:
  • A.Urine
  • B.Sweat
  • C.Bile
  • D.Saliva
17.
Sweat is mostly made of:
  • A.Salts
  • B.Water
  • C.Urea
  • D.Glucose
18.
The control of the body's temperature is called:
  • A.Excretion
  • B.Thermoregulation
  • C.Digestion
  • D.Respiration
19.
The evaporation of sweat helps the body by:
  • A.Adding heat
  • B.Removing heat (cooling)
  • C.Making urine
  • D.Storing water
20.
When the body is too hot, the blood vessels near the skin:
  • A.Widen to lose heat
  • B.Narrow to keep heat
  • C.Disappear
  • D.Stop carrying blood
21.
The basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the:
  • A.Nephron
  • B.Neuron
  • C.Alveolus
  • D.Villus
22.
The short branching parts of a neuron that receive impulses are the:
  • A.Axon
  • B.Dendrites
  • C.Myelin sheath
  • D.Synapse
23.
The long fibre that carries the impulse away from the cell body is the:
  • A.Dendrite
  • B.Axon
  • C.Cell body
  • D.Pore
24.
The fatty covering that insulates the axon and speeds up the impulse is the:
  • A.Myelin sheath
  • B.Nucleus
  • C.Cyton
  • D.Synapse
25.
The tiny gap between two neurons is called a:
  • A.Pore
  • B.Synapse
  • C.Valve
  • D.Lumen
26.
Neurons that carry impulses from sense organs to the brain or spinal cord are:
  • A.Motor neurons
  • B.Sensory neurons
  • C.Interneurons
  • D.Relay only
27.
Motor neurons carry impulses from the central nervous system to the:
  • A.Sense organs
  • B.Effectors (muscles and glands)
  • C.Skin only
  • D.Eyes only
28.
Neurons that connect sensory and motor neurons within the CNS are:
  • A.Sensory neurons
  • B.Motor neurons
  • C.Interneurons
  • D.Receptors
29.
A muscle or gland that carries out a response is called a(n):
  • A.Receptor
  • B.Effector
  • C.Stimulus
  • D.Synapse
30.
Sensory neurons are also known as ______ neurons.
  • A.Efferent
  • B.Afferent
  • C.Relay
  • D.Motor
31.
A nerve impulse is best described as a tiny:
  • A.Sound wave
  • B.Electrical signal
  • C.Drop of blood
  • D.Muscle
32.
In a resting neuron, the inside is ______ compared with the outside.
  • A.Slightly positive
  • B.Slightly negative
  • C.Exactly equal
  • D.Has no charge
33.
The brief flip in which the inside of the neuron becomes positive is the:
  • A.Resting potential
  • B.Action potential
  • C.Synapse
  • D.Reflex
34.
The impulse is passed across the synapse by:
  • A.Electricity jumping the gap
  • B.Chemical neurotransmitters
  • C.Blood
  • D.Bones
35.
After an action potential passes, the neuron:
  • A.Dies
  • B.Returns to its resting state
  • C.Stays positive forever
  • D.Splits in two
36.
The two main divisions of the nervous system are the CNS and the:
  • A.RBC
  • B.PNS
  • C.DNA
  • D.ATP
37.
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the:
  • A.Heart
  • B.Spinal cord
  • C.Lungs
  • D.Kidneys
38.
The network of nerves connecting the CNS to the whole body is the:
  • A.Peripheral nervous system
  • B.Autonomic only
  • C.Skeleton
  • D.Circulatory system
39.
The brain is protected inside the:
  • A.Backbone
  • B.Skull
  • C.Ribcage
  • D.Pelvis
40.
Automatic activities such as heartbeat and digestion are controlled by the:
  • A.Autonomic nervous system
  • B.Bones
  • C.Skin
  • D.Eyes
41.
The largest part of the brain, responsible for thinking and memory, is the:
  • A.Cerebellum
  • B.Cerebrum
  • C.Medulla oblongata
  • D.Spinal cord
42.
Which part of the brain controls balance, posture, and coordination of movement?
  • A.Cerebrum
  • B.Cerebellum
  • C.Medulla oblongata
  • D.Skull
43.
Involuntary actions such as heartbeat and breathing are controlled by the:
  • A.Cerebrum
  • B.Cerebellum
  • C.Medulla oblongata
  • D.Dendrites
44.
Voluntary actions, such as writing, are controlled mainly by the:
  • A.Cerebrum
  • B.Cerebellum
  • C.Medulla oblongata
  • D.Spinal cord
45.
The brain is protected and cushioned inside the:
  • A.Backbone
  • B.Skull
  • C.Ribcage
  • D.Pelvis
46.
A sudden, automatic, quick response to a stimulus is called a:
  • A.Voluntary action
  • B.Reflex action
  • C.Habit
  • D.Thought
47.
The pathway followed by a reflex action is called the:
  • A.Nerve net
  • B.Reflex arc
  • C.Synapse
  • D.Axon
48.
Reflex actions are controlled mainly by the:
  • A.Cerebrum
  • B.Spinal cord
  • C.Cerebellum
  • D.Skin
49.
Which of these is an example of a reflex action?
  • A.Writing a letter
  • B.Knee-jerk when tapped
  • C.Singing a song
  • D.Reading aloud
50.
Reflex actions are fast because the impulse:
  • A.Travels to the brain and back
  • B.Does not need to reach the brain first
  • C.Stops at the skin
  • D.Moves very slowly

Answer Key

Section A — Multiple Choice (1 mark each)
  1. (B) Excretion
  2. (B) Stomata
  3. (B) Leaf fall and bark shedding
  4. (C) Latex
  5. (B) Simpler and slower
  6. (B) Urea
  7. (B) Kidneys
  8. (B) Ureters
  9. (C) Urinary bladder
  10. (B) Nephron
  11. (C) Three
  12. (C) Proteins
  13. (B) Reabsorption
  14. (B) Urea
  15. (B) Diabetes
  16. (B) Sweat
  17. (B) Water
  18. (B) Thermoregulation
  19. (B) Removing heat (cooling)
  20. (A) Widen to lose heat
  21. (B) Neuron
  22. (B) Dendrites
  23. (B) Axon
  24. (A) Myelin sheath
  25. (B) Synapse
  26. (B) Sensory neurons
  27. (B) Effectors (muscles and glands)
  28. (C) Interneurons
  29. (B) Effector
  30. (B) Afferent
  31. (B) Electrical signal
  32. (B) Slightly negative
  33. (B) Action potential
  34. (B) Chemical neurotransmitters
  35. (B) Returns to its resting state
  36. (B) PNS
  37. (B) Spinal cord
  38. (A) Peripheral nervous system
  39. (B) Skull
  40. (A) Autonomic nervous system
  41. (B) Cerebrum
  42. (B) Cerebellum
  43. (C) Medulla oblongata
  44. (A) Cerebrum
  45. (B) Skull
  46. (B) Reflex action
  47. (B) Reflex arc
  48. (B) Spinal cord
  49. (B) Knee-jerk when tapped
  50. (B) Does not need to reach the brain first
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