class 12 maths probability

Prove that

(i) $P(A) = P(A \cap B) + P(A \cap \bar B)$

(ii) $P(A \cup B) = P(A \cap B) + P(A \cap \bar B) + P(\bar A \cap B)$

VAVidaara Admin Asked 9d ago 0 views 0 answers
📘 Probability NCERT,Exemp,Q.11,Page.272 SA

Prove that

(i) $P(A) = P(A \cap B) + P(A \cap \bar B)$

(ii) $P(A \cup B) = P(A \cap B) + P(A \cap \bar B) + P(\bar A \cap B)$

Official Solution

VVidaara Team ✓ Verified solution NCERT & Exemplar

(i)
$\therefore$ ${\rm{RHS}} = P(A \cap B) + P(A \cap \bar B)$

$= P(A) \cdot P(B) + P(A) \cdot P(\bar B)$
$= P(A)[P(B) + P(\bar B)]$

$= P(A)[P(B) + 1 - P(B)]$
$= P(A) = LHS$

(ii)

$\therefore$ RHS $= P(A) \cdot P(B) + P(A) \cdot P(\bar B) + P(\bar A) \cdot P(B)$

$= P(A) \cdot P(B) + P(A) \cdot [1 - P(B)] + [1 - P(A)]P(B)$

$= P(A) \cdot P(B) + P(A) - P(A) \cdot P(B) + P(B) - P(A) \cdot P(B)$

$= P(A) + P(B) - P(A) \cdot P(B)$

$= P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B)$

$= P(A \cup B) = LHS$

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