🔵Reading the Clock
A clock has two main hands: the short hour hand and the long minute hand.
- When the minute hand points to 12, we say o'clock (e.g. 3 o'clock).
- When it points to 6, it is half past (30 minutes past the hour).
- Pointing to 3 is quarter past; to 9 is quarter to.
a.m. is morning (12 midnight to 12 noon); p.m. is afternoon/evening/night.
👀 See a worked example
The minute hand points to 12 and the hour hand to 5. What time is it?
5 o'clock.
The minute hand points to 6 and the hour hand is between 4 and 5. What time is it?
Half past 4 (4:30).
🤖 Vidi's Key Points
- Short hand = hour, long hand = minute.
- Minute hand on 12 = o'clock; on 6 = half past.
- a.m. is morning; p.m. is afternoon/evening/night.
🟢Days, Months & the Calendar
There are 7 days in a week and 12 months in a year.
- A year has 365 days (366 in a leap year).
- Most months have 30 or 31 days; February has 28 (29 in a leap year).
Elapsed time is how long something takes — count forward from the start time to the end time.
👀 See a worked example
How many days are there in 2 weeks?
2 × 7 = 14 days.
A film starts at 4 o'clock and lasts 2 hours. When does it end?
4 + 2 = 6 o'clock.
🤖 Vidi's Key Points
- 7 days in a week; 12 months in a year; 365 days in a year.
- Most months have 30 or 31 days; February has 28 (or 29).
- Elapsed time = count forward from start to end.
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