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How Children Learn & Motivation — 25-Question Test
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Key Concepts — Quick Reference
This chapter
The three learning paradigms (know who said what)
| Behaviourism | Learning = conditioned response · Pavlov, Skinner, Thorndike, Watson |
|---|---|
| Cognitivism | Learning = inner mental processing · attention, memory, insight |
| Constructivism | Learning = active meaning-making · Piaget, Vygotsky, Bruner |
| Key contrast | Behaviourism = outside-in (stimulus); constructivism = inside-out (the learner builds) |
Motivation at a glance
| Intrinsic | Drive from WITHIN — interest, curiosity, mastery, enjoyment |
|---|---|
| Extrinsic | Drive from OUTSIDE — marks, prizes, praise, avoiding punishment |
| Maslow's hierarchy | Physiological → Safety → Belonging → Esteem → Self-actualisation |
| Durability rule | Intrinsic motivation lasts longer; over-rewarding can erode it |