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Key Concepts — Quick Reference
This chapter
Number-pattern rules
| Add a constant | each term = previous + d (e.g. 4, 7, 10, 13 -> add 3) |
|---|---|
| Subtract a constant | each term = previous - d (e.g. 30, 25, 20, 15 -> subtract 5) |
| Multiply by a constant | each term = previous x r (e.g. 2, 6, 18, 54 -> times 3) |
| Skip counting | count in equal jumps: 5, 10, 15, 20 (5s) or 3, 6, 9, 12 (3s) |
Shape patterns and symmetry
| Pattern core (unit) | the smallest block that repeats: AB, ABC, AAB ... |
|---|---|
| Reflection symmetry | one half is the mirror image of the other (line of symmetry) |
| Rotational symmetry | the shape looks the same after a part-turn (windmill, square) |
| Translation symmetry | a motif slides along a line without turning or flipping (borders) |