Matrices — Class 12 Maths Solution

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Let us take A =$\left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}2&1\\7&4\end{array}} \right]$

We know that, A = IA
$\Rightarrow$ $\left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}2&1\\7&4\end{array}} \right] = \left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}1&0\\0&1\end{array}} \right]A$

Applying ${R_2} \to {R_2} - 3{R_1}$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}2&1\\1&1\end{array}} \right] = \left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}1&0\\{ - 3}&1\end{array}} \right]A$

Applying ${R_1} \to {R_1} - {R_2}$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}1&0\\1&1\end{array}} \right] = \left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}4&{ - 1}\\{ - 3}&1\end{array}} \right]A$

Applying${R_2} \to {R_2} - {R_1}$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}1&0\\0&1\end{array}} \right] = \left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}4&{ - 1}\\{ - 7}&2\end{array}} \right]A$
Hence, ${A^{ - 1}} = \left[ {\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc}4&{ - 1}\\{ - 7}&2\end{array}} \right]$