SAT Math · Study & Practice
Geometry Basics
Geometry begins with the simplest objects — points, lines, rays and angles — and the rules that relate them. This chapter covers those building blocks plus the common angle relationships the SAT relies on. Read each topic, work the problems with the hint ladder, then take the 8-question topic test.
Topics
Chapter test
Formula Reference Sheet
This chapter
Building blocks
| Point | a location with no size |
|---|---|
| Line | extends forever in both directions |
| Ray | one endpoint, extends one way |
Angle relationships
| Complementary | two angles summing to 90° |
|---|---|
| Supplementary | two angles summing to 180° |
| Vertical angles | equal angles across an intersection |
Digital SAT reference
Area & Circumference
| Circle area | A = πr² |
|---|---|
| Circle circumference | C = 2πr |
| Rectangle | A = ℓw |
| Triangle | A = ½ b h |
Volume
| Rectangular box | V = ℓwh |
|---|---|
| Cylinder | V = πr²h |
| Sphere | V = 4⁄3 πr³ |
| Cone | V = 1⁄3 πr²h |
| Pyramid | V = 1⁄3 ℓwh |
Right triangles
| Pythagorean theorem | a² + b² = c² |
|---|---|
| 30°–60°–90° | sides x : x√3 : 2x |
| 45°–45°–90° | sides s : s : s√2 |
Constants
| Degrees in a circle | 360° |
|---|---|
| Radians in a circle | 2π |
| Angles of a triangle | sum = 180° |
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