Percentage, Profit & Loss • Topic 4 of 4

Discount & Marked Price

Marked price (MP, the listed price) minus discount gives the selling price. Discount% is on MP, not on CP. A single discount of d% multiplies MP by (1 - d/100). Two successive discounts multiply: SP = MP(1 - d1/100)(1 - d2/100); they are equivalent to a single discount of d1 + d2 - (d1 d2)/100. A common SSC layer is mark-up then discount: SP = CP(1 + markup%)(1 - discount%).

✅ Solved examples

1. MP 1000, discount 20%. SP?
SP = 1000 x 0.80 = 800.
2. Successive discounts 10% and 5% on 500.
500 x 0.90 x 0.95 = 427.50.
3. A shopkeeper marks 40% above cost and gives 10% discount. Profit %?
Let CP = 100. MP = 140. SP = 140 x 0.90 = 126. Profit = 26%.
4. Single discount equal to two successive discounts of 20% and 25%?
1 - 0.8 x 0.75 = 1 - 0.6 = 0.4 -> 40%.

✏️ Practice — try these, take hints as needed

1. MP 2000, discount 25%. SP?
x 0.75.
2000 x 0.75.
—
1500
2. Successive 15% and 10% on 800?
800 x 0.85 x 0.90.
800 x 0.765.
—
612
3. Mark 50% above cost, discount 20%. Profit %?
CP 100 -> MP 150.
SP = 150 x 0.80.
120 -> 20%.
20%
4. MP 300, sold 255. Discount %?
Discount = 45.
45/300.
x 100.
15%
5. Single discount = 10% then 10%?
1 - 0.9 x 0.9.
1 - 0.81.
—
19%

📝 Topic test — 8 questions

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