Child Development & Pedagogy
How Children Learn & Motivation
Child Development & Pedagogy
Paper I & Paper II
6 topics
Shared by both papers
What this chapter covers
The 6 topics below make up How Children Learn & Motivation in the CTET syllabus. Open any topic for notes, solved examples and a practice MCQ test.
1Behaviourism, Cognitivism & Constructivism
2How & Why Children Learn
3Children's Errors & Alternative Conceptions
4Cognition & Emotions
5Motivation: Intrinsic & Extrinsic
6Factors Affecting Learning
Study material & tests
📚 Study this chapter
Concept notes, key points, solved examples and hint-guided practice for every topic.
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🎯 Topic MCQ tests
8 auto-graded CTET-style questions per topic, with full explanations.
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📝 Chapter test
25 fresh mixed-difficulty questions, timed, with solutions.
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Key Concepts — Quick Reference
This chapter
The three learning paradigms (know who said what)
| Behaviourism | Learning = conditioned response · Pavlov, Skinner, Thorndike, Watson |
|---|---|
| Cognitivism | Learning = inner mental processing · attention, memory, insight |
| Constructivism | Learning = active meaning-making · Piaget, Vygotsky, Bruner |
| Key contrast | Behaviourism = outside-in (stimulus); constructivism = inside-out (the learner builds) |
Motivation at a glance
| Intrinsic | Drive from WITHIN — interest, curiosity, mastery, enjoyment |
|---|---|
| Extrinsic | Drive from OUTSIDE — marks, prizes, praise, avoiding punishment |
| Maslow's hierarchy | Physiological → Safety → Belonging → Esteem → Self-actualisation |
| Durability rule | Intrinsic motivation lasts longer; over-rewarding can erode it |